Overview
Submission Instructions
Recent Publications
Frequently Asked Questions
Research Topics
Looking to publish in Annals of Internal Medicine? Livewrite integrates seamlessly with Word to help you write, edit, and format faster.
Existing customer login
AO
Annals of Internal Medicine is a medical journal published on the ACP Journals platform, featuring latest articles, most-read articles, specialty collections, and author information. It maintains social media channels including Facebook, X, and Instagram.
Looking to publish in Annals of Internal Medicine? Livewrite integrates seamlessly with Word to help you write, edit, and format faster.
Existing customer login
Subject
Medicine, General & Internal
Impact Factor
15.2
Quartile
Q1
Open Access Type
Closed
ISSN
0003-4819
eISSN
1539-3704
Invitation Only
No
Cost Range
Subscription-based journal; no article-level open-access option supported by article processing charges.
Submission Instructions
Annals of Internal Medicine accepts the following article types. Click on an article type to view submission instructions.
Original Research Articles
Cover Letter
Cover letter is required only if artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used, if justification is provided for requesting exclusion of reviewers, or if duplicate publication details and reuse-permission documentation apply. Cover letter must describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies, provide full details of possible previous or duplicate publication, justify any request to exclude reviewers, and include documentation granting permission to reuse previously published content when applicable.
Abstract
Original Research Articles must include an abstract. Abstract must be structured and no longer than 275 words. Abstract must be structured. Abstract must use the headings Background, Objective, Design, Setting, Patients (or Participants), Interventions (if any), Measurements, Results, Limitations, Conclusion, and Primary Funding Source, except cost-effectiveness studies must use Background, Objective, Design, Data Sources, Target Population, Time Horizon, Perspective, Intervention, Outcome Measures, Results of Base-Case Analysis, Results of Sensitivity Analysis, Limitations, Conclusion, and Primary Funding Source, and registered studies must give the registry and unique registration number at the end of the Design section.
Manuscript
Manuscript must be 3500 words or fewer excluding the abstract and references. Manuscript must be organized as Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. Manuscript must identify the funding source and its role under the last Methods subheading titled "Role of the Funding source," and authors must attest in the submission and the work to any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies.
References
Manuscript must include no more than 75 bibliographic references. References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered in Arabic numerals in parentheses in order of first appearance, list all authors if there are 3 or fewer or the first 3 followed by "et al." if there are more than 3, and references cited in tables or figures must follow the numbering sequence of their first mention in the text.
Figures & Tables
Manuscript must include no more than 4 to 6 tables or figures combined. Tables and figures must be numbered with Arabic numerals in the order they appear, tables must have concise titles and define abbreviations and units in footnotes, and each figure must include a legend beginning with a short title and explaining all abbreviations and symbols.
Review Articles
Cover Letter
A cover letter is required. The cover letter must confirm all authors approve the manuscript and, if artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used, describe how they were used.
Abstract
An abstract is required. The abstract must be unstructured and 275 words or fewer. The abstract must be unstructured.
Manuscript
The manuscript text must be 3500 words or fewer, excluding the abstract and references. The title must include the subtitle "A narrative review." The manuscript must include a box with 3 to 7 take-home points that link back to the original questions the review set out to answer.
References
The manuscript must include 75 or fewer bibliographic references. References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered in Arabic numerals in parentheses in order of first appearance, list all authors when there are 3 or fewer, and list the first 3 authors followed by "et al." when there are more than 3.
Figures & Tables
The manuscript may include no more than 4 tables or figures combined.
Systematic Reviews
Cover Letter
Cover letter is required only if artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used, in which case it must describe how they were used. If artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used, the cover letter must describe how they were used.
Abstract
Abstract is required and must be no more than 275 words. Abstract must be 275 words or fewer. Abstract must be structured. Abstract must use the headings Background, Purpose, Data Sources, Study Selection, Data Extraction, Data Synthesis, Limitations, Conclusions, and Primary Funding Source, include start and end search dates in Data Sources, and give the registry and unique registration number at the end if the study is registered.
Manuscript
Manuscript must be 4000 words or fewer, excluding the abstract and references. Manuscript must be structured as Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion, and the Methods section must use the subheadings Data Sources and Searches, Study Selection, Data Extraction and Quality Assessment, and Data Synthesis and Analysis. Systematic Review titles must add "A systematic review" as a subtitle, and the manuscript must identify the funding source and its role under the final Methods subheading titled "Role of the Funding source" and describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies in the submitted work.
References
References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered with Arabic numerals in parentheses in order of first appearance, list all authors if there are 3 or fewer or the first 3 followed by "et al." if there are more than 3, and must not use ibid. or op cit.
Figures & Tables
Figures and tables must include a flow diagram depicting the search and selection processes and evidence tables.
Meta-Analyses
Cover Letter
Cover letter must describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies in producing the submitted work. Cover letter must include a description of how artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used, if used.
Abstract
Abstract is required. Abstract must be 275 words or fewer. Abstract must be structured. Abstract must use the headings Background, Purpose, Data Sources, Study Selection, Data Extraction, Data Synthesis, Limitations, Conclusions, and Primary Funding Source, and the Data Sources section must include the start and end search dates.
Manuscript
Manuscript must be 4000 words or fewer, excluding the abstract and references. Manuscript must be structured as Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion, and the Methods section must include the subheadings Data Sources and Searches; Study Selection; Data Extraction and Quality Assessment; Data Synthesis and Analysis; and Role of the Funding source. Title must add the subtitle "A systematic review and meta-analysis," the abstract must give the registry and unique registration number at the end if the study is registered, the manuscript must identify the funding source and its role under the last Methods subheading titled "Role of the Funding source," it must include a flow diagram and evidence tables among the figures and tables, and authors must attest whether artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used and describe their use in the submitted work if used.
References
References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered with Arabic numerals in parentheses in order of first appearance, list all authors when there are 3 or fewer and the first 3 followed by "et al." when there are more than 3, and must not use ibid. or op cit.
Figures & Tables
Manuscript must include a flow diagram depicting the search and selection processes and evidence tables among the tables and figures.
Clinical Guidelines
Cover Letter
Cover letter is required if disclosing AI-assisted technology use, possible previous or duplicate publication, or requesting exclusion of specific reviewers. Cover letter must describe any AI-assisted technology use, give full details on any possible previous or duplicate publication, include documentation for reused published content, and justify any request to exclude reviewers.
Abstract
Abstract is required and must be structured. Abstract must be 275 words or fewer. Abstract must be structured. Abstract must use the headings Description, Methods, and Recommendations.
Manuscript
Manuscripts longer than 4000 words may require an executive summary, with the full document published as an online-only appendix. Title must include the name of the responsible organization and identify the article as a clinical guideline, and the article must include standard reporting elements suggested by guideline groups. Manuscript should include a concise table or concise graphic summarizing the recommendations and other key points, and authors must disclose any AI-assisted technology use in the submitted work.
References
References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered with Arabic numerals in parentheses in order of first appearance, list all authors if there are 3 or fewer or the first 3 followed by "et al." if there are more than 3, and must not use ibid. or op cit.
Figures & Tables
A concise table or concise graphic summarizing the recommendations and other key points should be included.
Rapid Review
Cover Letter
A cover letter is required when artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used, when requesting exclusion of reviewers, or when submitting permissions documentation for reused content. The cover letter must describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies, justify any request to exclude reviewers, and include addenda with documentation granting permission to reuse previously published content when applicable.
Abstract
Abstract requirements are not specified.
Manuscript
Rapid Reviews must follow the general format requirements for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and include clearly formulated questions, methods describing sources and searches, selection criteria, data extraction and assessment, and synthesis methods, results that synthesize rather than catalog evidence, and a discussion that mentions review limitations. Rapid Reviews must include the registry name and dated protocol or submit the protocol with the manuscript if it cannot be posted, and the Methods section must specify any modified methods used, such as language or database limits, preprint searching, crowd-distributed screening or extraction, automation for screening, date restrictions, or single-reviewer extraction or assessment.
References
References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered with Arabic numerals in parentheses in order of first appearance, list all authors when there are 3 or fewer or the first 3 followed by et al. when there are more than 3, and not use ibid. or op cit.
Figures & Tables
Tables and figures must be numbered with Arabic numerals in the order cited, tables must have concise titles and explain abbreviations and units in footnotes, and each figure must include a legend beginning with a short title that explains all abbreviations and symbols.
Living Review
Cover Letter
A cover letter is required if artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used, because their use must be described there. The cover letter must describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies.
Abstract
Abstract requirements are not specified.
Manuscript
The manuscript must follow the general format requirements for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, define the review as a living review in the Methods section, and include search methods describing ongoing surveillance and update procedures. The manuscript must include the registry name and dated protocol, describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies in the submitted work, and specify any modified review methods used.
References
References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered in Arabic numerals in order of first appearance, list all authors when there are 3 or fewer or the first 3 followed by "et al." when there are more than 3, and unpublished material must be cited in the text rather than the reference list.
Figures & Tables
Tables and figures must be numbered with Arabic numerals in the order first cited, and each figure must include a legend beginning with a short title.
Living Guidelines
Cover Letter
Cover letter is required because authors who used artificial intelligence-assisted technologies must describe that use in the cover letter. Cover letter must describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies in producing the submitted work.
Abstract
Abstract requirements are not specified.
Manuscript
Initial methods section must describe the planned updating methodology. Manuscript must describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies in the submitted work.
References
References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered with Arabic numerals in parentheses in order of first appearance, list all authors if there are 3 or fewer or the first 3 followed by et al. if there are more than 3, and must not use ibid. or op cit.
Figures & Tables
Tables and figures must be numbered with Arabic numerals in the order first cited, tables must have concise titles and explain abbreviations in footnotes, and figure legends must begin with a short title and explain all abbreviations and symbols.
Narrative
Cover Letter
If artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used, the cover letter must describe how they were used.
Abstract
An abstract is required. The abstract must be unstructured and no more than 275 words. The abstract must be unstructured.
Manuscript
The manuscript must be 3500 words or fewer, excluding the abstract and references. The title must include the subtitle "A narrative review." The manuscript must include a box with 3 to 7 take-home points that link back to the original questions the review set out to answer.
References
The manuscript must include 75 or fewer references. References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered in Arabic numerals in order of first appearance and list all authors if there are 3 or fewer or the first 3 followed by "et al." if there are more than 3.
Figures & Tables
The manuscript may include no more than 4 tables or figures combined.
Brief Research Reports
Cover Letter
A cover letter is required if authors need to disclose use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies, possible previous or duplicate publication, reuse-permission documentation, or reviewer exclusions. The cover letter must describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies and include full details of any possible previous or duplicate publication, plus reuse-permission documentation when applicable.
Abstract
Abstract requirements are not specified.
Manuscript
Manuscript text must not exceed 700 words, excluding references. Manuscript must be organized as Background, Objective, Methods and Findings, Discussion, and References. Authors must attest whether artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used and, if so, describe their use in the submitted work.
References
No more than 5 bibliographic references are allowed. References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered with Arabic numerals in parentheses in order of first appearance, list all authors if there are 3 or fewer or the first 3 followed by et al. if there are more than 3, and must not use ibid. or op cit.
Figures & Tables
No more than 2 tables or figures combined are allowed. Tables and figures must be numbered with Arabic numerals in the order cited, tables must have concise titles, and each figure must include a legend beginning with a short title.
Case Reports
Cover Letter
A cover letter is required only if artificial intelligence-assisted technologies were used or if authors request exclusion of reviewers. The cover letter must describe any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies and justify any request to exclude specific reviewers.
Abstract
Abstract requirements are not specified.
Manuscript
Manuscript must not exceed 700 words, excluding references. Manuscript must use the sections Background, Objective, Case Report, Discussion, and References. Manuscript must be descriptive in nature, must not include inferential analyses, and must disclose any use of artificial intelligence-assisted technologies in the submitted work.
References
References are limited to 5 or fewer bibliographic entries. References must follow National Library of Medicine style. References must be numbered with Arabic numerals in parentheses in order of first appearance, list all authors if there are 3 or fewer or the first 3 followed by "et al." if there are more than 3, and must not use ibid. or op cit.
Figures & Tables
A maximum of 2 tables or figures combined is permitted. Tables and figures must be numbered with Arabic numerals in order of appearance, tables must have concise titles, and each figure must include a legend beginning with a short title.
Recent Publications
How Would You Manage Perioperative Cardiovascular Risk for Noncardiac Surgery in This Patient With Complex Comorbidity? Grand Rounds Discussion From Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Howard Libman, Avital Y. O’Glasser, Kirsten E. Fleischmann, Zahir Kanjee
10.7326/annals-26-02584
View Publication
Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Mitral Stenosis
Yu Yang, Chin-Yao Shen, Michael Chun-Yuan Cheng, Wei Kang, Philip C.M. Au, Vincent K.C. Yan, Huei-Kai Huang, Chun Ka Wong, Kai Hang Yiu, Hung-Fat Tse, Ching-Lung Cheung, Timothy H. Rainer, Bryan P. Yan, David C.W. Siu, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai, Esther W.Y. Chan
10.7326/annals-25-04740
View Publication
Summary for Patients: Surgery Versus Watchful Waiting for First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Osteoarthritis
-
10.7326/annals-26-00710-ps
View Publication
Frequently asked questions
How long does it take to publish?
Comments on published articles can be submitted any time after publication; comments submitted within 8 weeks of publication are considered for print publication; editors review posted comments 2 months after publication.
Reformat to Annals of Internal Medicine using Livewrite PremiumIs a cover letter required?
Cover letters are referenced for On Being a Doctor and On Being a Patient essays to explain whether the essay is nonfiction, fiction, or a fictionalized account of true events and, when applicable, to explain absence of subject permission.
Reformat to Annals of Internal Medicine using Livewrite PremiumWhat are the publication costs?
Subscription-based journal; no article-level open-access option supported by article processing charges.
Reformat to Annals of Internal Medicine using Livewrite PremiumResearch Topics
Healthcare Policy and Management
Primary Care and Health Outcomes
Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
Empathy and Medical Education
Innovations in Medical Education
Diet and metabolism studies
Healthcare cost, quality, practices
Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
Health Sciences Research and Education
Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Ethics in medical practice
Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
Hepatitis C virus research
Pharmaceutical studies and practices
Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Hepatitis B Virus Studies
Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
Diabetes Treatment and Management
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment