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Nature Immunology

Nature Immunology is a journal covering immunology research and publishes content including Articles, Review Articles, Resources, Research Briefings, News & Views and Research Highlights.

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Subject Immunology
Impact Factor 27.6
Quartile Q1
Open Access Type Hybrid
ISSN 1529-2908
eISSN 1529-2916
Invitation Only No
Cost Range Article processing charge applies for open access publication; institutional agreements may cover the APC.

Submission Instructions

Nature Immunology accepts the following article types. Click on an article type to view submission instructions.

Article

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain the importance of the work and why it is appropriate for the diverse readership of Nature Immunology, and if double-blind peer review is chosen it must include the affiliation and contact information for all authors.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract must be no more than 150 words. Abstract must be unstructured and unreferenced.
Manuscript Main text must be 3,000–4,000 words excluding the abstract, Online Methods, references, and figure legends. Manuscript must be divided into an Introduction without a heading, Results, Discussion, and Online Methods, with topical subheadings in Results and Online Methods but no subheadings in Discussion. Manuscript must include Methods, figures if applicable, a reference list, and documentation of any Large Language Model use in the Methods section or another suitable part of the manuscript if no Methods section is available.
References References are recommended to be up to 50.
Figures & Tables A maximum of 8 display items consisting of figures and/or tables is permitted.
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Letter

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain the importance of the work and why it is appropriate for the diverse readership of Nature Immunology, and if double-blind peer review is chosen it must include the affiliation and contact information for all authors.
Abstract An abstract is not required because the Letter must begin with an introductory paragraph instead. The introductory paragraph must be up to 150 words. The article uses an unstructured introductory paragraph instead of an abstract.
Manuscript Main text must be up to 2,500 words, excluding the introductory paragraph, online Methods, references and figure legends. The manuscript must begin with a referenced introductory paragraph and must not be divided by headings except for the online Methods headings. Use of a Large Language Model must be documented in the Methods section or, if no Methods section is available, in a suitable alternative part of the manuscript.
References References are recommended to be up to 30.
Figures & Tables Display items must be 5 figures and/or tables.
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Resource

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain the importance of the work and why it is appropriate for the diverse readership of Nature Immunology, and if double-blind peer review is chosen it must include the affiliation and contact information for all authors.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract must be 100–150 words. Abstract must be unstructured and unreferenced.
Manuscript Main text must be 3,000–4,000 words, excluding abstract, online Methods, references and figure legends. Manuscript must be divided into Introduction without a heading, Results, Discussion, and Online Methods, with topical subheadings in Results and Online Methods but no subheadings in Discussion. Use of a Large Language Model must be documented in the Methods section or, if a Methods section is not available, in a suitable alternative part of the manuscript.
References References are recommended to be up to 50.
Figures & Tables Display items, including figures and/or tables, are limited to 8 items.
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Review

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain the importance of the work, why it suits the journal’s broad readership, and whether there were prior discussions with an editor.
Abstract Abstract requirements are not specified.
Manuscript Review main text must be 3,000–4,000 words. Review must not include original previously unpublished research findings and may contain only minimal new supporting data. Manuscript must include a reference list, and illustrations are strongly encouraged.
References Review may include up to 100 references, with exceptions possible in special cases. Citations should be selective, and short annotations explaining the importance of key studies are required when such studies comprise 10% or less of all references.
Figures & Tables A maximum of ten Extended Data display items is permitted.
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Correspondence

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain the importance of the work and its suitability for the diverse readership of Nature Immunology, state whether there were prior discussions with a Nature Immunology editor, and include author affiliations and contact information if double-blind peer review is chosen.
Abstract Abstract requirements are not specified.
Manuscript Correspondence must be 300–800 words. Correspondence should not include original unpublished research findings and may contain only minimal new supporting data.
References Correspondence may include up to 10 references. Reference lists must omit article titles.
Figures & Tables Correspondence may include 1 display item.
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Perspective

Recent Publications

Airway immune signatures of protection and disease progression in recent human tuberculosis household contacts

William J. Branchett, Jee-Whang Kim, Jessica Shields, Probir Chakravarty, Jo Lee, Ismail Novsarka, Hubert Slawinski, Katalin A. Wilkinson, Robert J. Wilkinson, Anver Kamil, Raman Verma, Pranabashis Haldar, Anne O’Garra

10.1038/s41590-026-02544-0
View Publication

Diversifying the antibody response to influenza virus with an mRNA-based vaccine

-

10.1038/s41590-026-02565-9
View Publication

The sooner you boost the better

William O. Hahn, Lawrence Corey

10.1038/s41590-026-02567-7
View Publication

A monogenic basis for pyoderma gangrenosum due to dysregulation of linear ubiquitin

-

10.1038/s41590-026-02575-7
View Publication

Arthritis susceptibility begins before birth

Andreas Ramming

10.1038/s41590-026-02570-y
View Publication

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to publish?

Decisions on whether to send a manuscript for peer review are normally made within 2 working days of receipt. Decisions about publication are typically made within 2 days of receipt of the referees' reports.

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Is a cover letter required?

A cover letter is required. It should explain the importance of the work and its suitability for the readership, disclose related manuscripts under consideration or in press elsewhere, note any prior discussions with an editor, include author affiliation and contact information if double-blind peer review is chosen, and may optionally recommend or exclude reviewers.

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What are the publication costs?

Research Topics

Immune Cell Function and Interaction T-cell and B-cell Immunology Immunotherapy and Immune Responses Immune Response and Inflammation interferon and immune responses IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways Immune cells in cancer CAR-T cell therapy research Inflammasome and immune disorders NF-κB Signaling Pathways Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders Immune responses and vaccinations Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research Cell Adhesion Molecules Research Diabetes and associated disorders Epigenetics and DNA Methylation Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics HIV Research and Treatment SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms

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