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Diabetologia

Diabetologia is the official journal of the EASD and publishes high-quality articles on all aspects of diabetes, spanning basic science, translational work and clinical research.

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Subject Endocrinology & Metabolism
Impact Factor 10.2
Quartile Q1
Open Access Type Hybrid
ISSN 0012-186X
eISSN 1432-0428
Invitation Only No
Cost Range Submission fee: none. Page charges: none. Open access available through Springer Open Choice, with no cost for authors at participating institutions.

Submission Instructions

Diabetologia accepts the following article types. Click on an article type to view submission instructions.

Review

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest the journal’s readers, disclose any AI-assisted technologies used, include details of any preprint posting if applicable, and notify the Editor of any potentially overlapping papers.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract must be unstructured.
Manuscript Manuscript must include a Research in context summary below the abstract and end matter in the order Acknowledgements, Data availability, Code availability, Funding, Authors’ relationships and activities, and Contribution statement. Manuscript must disclose any AI-assisted technologies used, include a Research in context summary under 200 words with the specified questions, provide up to ten alphabetical keywords including the applicable article type term, and include a list of abbreviations.
References References must be formatted in the ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order in square brackets, listed in the same order at the end of the manuscript, and only one reference may be assigned to each number.
Figures & Tables Figures must be provided in separate files rather than embedded in the main document, and figure legends must appear at the end of the manuscript. Tables and figures must be cited in consecutive order in the text, and use of colour in figures is strongly encouraged for Review manuscripts.
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Meta-Analysis

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. The cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest readers, disclose any AI-assisted technologies used, and notify the editor of any potentially overlapping papers, with preprint details included if applicable.
Abstract A structured abstract is required. The abstract must be structured into four paragraphs. The abstract headings must be Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation.
Manuscript Main text must not exceed 4000 words. The manuscript must include a structured abstract and a Research in context summary below the abstract with the prescribed four question-based sections. The manuscript must include a Research in context summary under 200 words, up to ten alphabetical keywords including the term “Meta-analysis,” a list of abbreviations, end matter in the order Acknowledgements, Data availability, Code availability, Funding, Authors’ relationships and activities, Contribution statement, and disclosure of any AI-assisted technologies used.
References There is no limit on the number of references. References must be formatted in the ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order in square brackets in the text, numbered in the same order at the end of the manuscript, and only one reference may be assigned to each number.
Figures & Tables Figures must be provided in separate files rather than embedded in the main document, and figure legends must appear at the end of the main text. Tables and figures must be cited in consecutive order in the main text.
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Systematic Review

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it may interest readers, disclose any AI-assisted technologies used, include details of any preprint posting if applicable, and notify the editor of any potentially overlapping papers.
Abstract A structured abstract is required. Abstract must be structured into four paragraphs: Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation. Mandatory headings are Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation.
Manuscript Main text must not exceed 4000 words. Manuscript must include a structured abstract and a Research in context summary below the abstract with the headings What is already known about this subject?, What is the key question?, What are the new findings?, and How might this impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future?. Manuscript must include a list of abbreviations, up to ten keywords including “Systematic review,” a Research in context summary under 200 words, end-matter declarations including funding, authors’ relationships and activities, and contribution statement, and disclosure of any AI-assisted technologies used.
References References must be formatted in the ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order in square brackets, listed in the same order at the end of the manuscript, and only one reference may be assigned to each number.
Figures & Tables Figures must be provided in separate files rather than embedded in the main document, while tables may be submitted with the manuscript file. Tables and figures must be cited in consecutive order in the text, and figure legends must appear at the end of the main text after the references.
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Original Articles

Cover Letter Cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest readers, disclose any AI-assisted technologies used, and notify the Editor of any potentially overlapping papers or preprint posting details if applicable.
Abstract Abstract is required. Abstract must be structured into four paragraphs. Abstract headings must be Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation.
Manuscript Main text must not exceed 4000 words. Manuscript must include an Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, end matter in the order Acknowledgements, Data availability, Code availability, Funding, Authors’ relationships and activities, Contribution statement, and a Research in context summary below the abstract. Manuscript must include a Research in context summary under 200 words with the specified four question-based sections, up to ten keywords in alphabetical order at the end of the abstract, an alphabetical abbreviations list after the keywords, an Authors’ relationships and activities section, a Funding section, a prose Contribution statement identifying guarantor(s), and disclosure of any AI-assisted technologies used.
References References are limited to a maximum of 50. References must be formatted in the ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order in the text using square brackets, listed in the same order at the end, and only one reference may be assigned to each number.
Figures & Tables There is no restriction on the number of tables or figures permitted. Figures must be uploaded as separate files rather than embedded in the main document, while figure legends must appear at the end of the main text. Tables and figures must be cited in the main text in consecutive order, and each table must be numbered with Arabic numerals and have a short informative heading.
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Reports Of Clinical Trials

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. The cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest readers, disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies, include details of any preprint posting if applicable, and notify the editor of any potentially overlapping papers.
Abstract An abstract is required. The abstract must be structured into four paragraphs with the journal’s usual subheadings, and randomised controlled trial abstracts must retain these subheadings. The required abstract headings are Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation, and the trial registry number must be included at the end of the abstract.
Manuscript The manuscript should follow an IMRaD-style structure with Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion, and a Research in context summary of under 200 words must appear below the abstract. The manuscript must disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies, include a Research in context summary answering four specified questions, provide up to ten alphabetical keywords at the end of the abstract, include an alphabetical abbreviations list after the keywords, and include end matter in the order Acknowledgements, Data availability, Code availability, Funding, Authors’ relationships and activities, and Contribution statement.
References References must be formatted in the ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order in square brackets, listed in the same order at the end of the manuscript, and only one reference may be assigned to each number.
Figures & Tables Figures must be uploaded in separate files rather than embedded in the main document, while figure legends must appear at the end of the main text and tables and figures must be cited in consecutive order in the text. Tables must be numbered with Arabic numerals and created as single-value, non-merged-cell tables, and the same data must not be presented in both figures and tables.
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Randomised Controlled Trials

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. The cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest readers, disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies, include details of any preprint posting if applicable, and notify the editor of potentially overlapping papers.
Abstract A structured abstract is required. The abstract must be structured using the journal’s usual subheadings and comply with CONSORT abstract guidance for randomised controlled trials. Abstract headings must be Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation, and it must conclude with the trial registration number and funding details.
Manuscript The manuscript should follow the journal’s standard sections and reports of randomised controlled trials must include CONSORT checklist items and a patient flow diagram. The manuscript must disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies, include a Research in context summary under 200 words below the abstract, provide up to ten alphabetical keywords, and include required end-matter declarations including funding, authors’ relationships and activities, and a contribution statement.
References References must be formatted in ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order using square brackets in the text, listed in the same order at the end, and only one reference may be assigned to each number.
Figures & Tables Figures must be uploaded in separate files rather than embedded in the main document, while figure legends must appear at the end of the manuscript. Tables and figures must be cited consecutively in the main text, tables must be numbered with Arabic numerals, and randomised controlled trial papers should include a patient flow diagram or flow chart in the main text or electronic supplementary material.
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Short Communication

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest the journal's readers, disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies, include details of any preprint posting if applicable, and notify the editor of any potentially overlapping papers.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract must be structured into four paragraphs. Abstract headings must be Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation.
Manuscript Main text must not exceed 1500 words. Manuscript must include a Research in context summary below the abstract of fewer than 200 words with the sections What is already known about this subject?, What is the key question?, What are the new findings?, and How might this impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future?. Manuscript must disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies and include up to ten alphabetical keywords, an alphabetical abbreviations list after the keywords, and declarations including Funding, Authors’ relationships and activities, and a prose Contribution statement with guarantor identification.
References Short Communication articles may include approximately 10 references. References must be formatted in the ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order in the text using square brackets, listed in the same order at the end, and each reference number must correspond to only one reference.
Figures & Tables Short Communication articles should normally include no more than two illustrations consisting of tables or figures or one of each. Figures must be provided in separate files rather than embedded in the main document, while figure legends must appear at the end of the article. Tables and figures must be cited in consecutive order in the main text.
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Scoping Review

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest readers, disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies, include details of any preprint posting if applicable, and notify the Editor of any potentially overlapping papers.
Abstract A structured abstract is required. Abstract must be structured into four paragraphs: Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation. Abstract headings must be Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation.
Manuscript Main text must not exceed 4000 words. Manuscript should follow the sections Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion, and include end matter in the order Acknowledgements, Data availability, Code availability, Funding, Authors’ relationships and activities, and Contribution statement. Manuscript must include a Research in context summary under 200 words below the abstract, a list of abbreviations, up to ten keywords including “Scoping review”, a declaration of Authors’ relationships and activities, a Funding section, a Contribution statement, and disclosure of any AI-assisted technologies used.
References References are unlimited. References must be formatted in the ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order in the text using square brackets and numbered in the same order at the end of the manuscript, with only one reference per number.
Figures & Tables Figures must be provided in separate files rather than embedded in the main document, while tables and figures must be cited in the main text in consecutive order. Figure legends must be placed at the end of the main text after the references, and tables must be numbered with Arabic numerals.
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Umbrella Review

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. The cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest readers, disclose any AI-assisted technology use, and notify the Editor of any potentially overlapping papers.
Abstract A structured abstract is required. The abstract must be structured. The abstract must use the headings Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation.
Manuscript Main text must not exceed 4000 words. The manuscript uses the rubric “Article” and must include received and accepted dates. The manuscript must include a Research in context summary under 200 words, up to ten alphabetical keywords including the term “Umbrella review,” a list of abbreviations, declarations including Authors’ relationships and activities, and disclosure of any AI-assisted technology use.
References References must be formatted in ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order using square brackets in the text, listed in the same order at the end, and only one reference may be assigned to each number.
Figures & Tables Figures must be provided in separate files rather than embedded in the main document, while figure legends must appear at the end of the manuscript and tables must be cited in consecutive order in the text. Tables must be numbered with Arabic numerals and have short informative headings, and the same data must not be presented in both figures and tables.
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Letters To The Editor

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest readers, notify the editor of any potentially overlapping papers, and disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies and any preprint posting details if applicable.
Abstract Abstract is not required for Letters To The Editor.
Manuscript Manuscript must not exceed 1000 words. Manuscript must use the rubric “Letter,” begin with “To the Editor:” with the text run on, and include received and accepted dates but no abstract. Keywords are encouraged but not mandatory, abbreviations should be kept to a minimum, and the manuscript must disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies and include an Authors’ relationships and activities declaration.
References Letters To The Editor may include up to 8 references. References must be formatted in ELSE-Ciba style as for journal articles. References must be cited in numerical order in the text using square brackets, listed in the same order at the end, and only one reference may be assigned to each number.
Figures & Tables Letters To The Editor should normally include no more than one table or one figure. Figures must be provided in separate files rather than embedded in the main document. Tables and figures must be cited in the main text in consecutive order, and figure legends must be placed at the end of the article.
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Research Letter

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest the journal’s readers, notify the Editor of any potentially overlapping papers, and disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies.
Abstract Abstract is not required for Research Letter manuscripts.
Manuscript Research Letter manuscripts must not exceed 1000 words. Research Letter manuscripts must use the rubric “Research letter,” begin with “To the Editor:” with the text run on, contain no abstract, and must not contain internal headings. Research Letter manuscripts may include keywords if desired, should keep abbreviations to a minimum, must include an Authors’ relationships and activities declaration, and must disclose any use of AI-assisted technologies in the manuscript.
References Research Letter articles may include up to 8 references. References must be formatted in the ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order in the text using square brackets, numbered in the same order at the end of the manuscript, and there must be only one reference per number.
Figures & Tables Research Letter articles should normally include no more than one table or one figure. Figures must be provided in separate files and not embedded in the main document. Tables and figures must be cited in the main text in consecutive order, and figure legends must be included at the end of the article.
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Extended Articles

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain why the study was done, what it showed, why it might interest readers, disclose any AI-assisted technologies used, and notify the Editor of any potentially overlapping papers.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract must be structured into four paragraphs. Abstract headings must be Aims/hypothesis, Methods, Results, and Conclusions/interpretation.
Manuscript Main text must not exceed 8000 words. Manuscript must include an Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion, with end matter ordered as Acknowledgements, Data availability, Code availability, Funding, Authors’ relationships and activities, and Contribution statement. Manuscript must include a Research in context summary under 200 words below the abstract, up to ten alphabetical keywords, a declaration of authors’ relationships and activities, a Funding section, a prose Contribution statement identifying the guarantor, and disclosure of any AI-assisted technologies used.
References References must not exceed 100. References must be formatted in ELSE-Ciba style. References must be cited in numerical order in the text using square brackets and listed in the same order at the end, with only one reference per number.
Figures & Tables Extended Articles may include up to 10 figures. Figures must be provided in separate files rather than embedded in the main document, and figure legends must appear at the end of the article. Tables and figures must be cited in consecutive order in the text, and the same data must not be presented in both figures and tables.
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Recent Publications

Causal relationship between epigenetic markers and type 2 diabetes in West African populations: a Mendelian randomisation analysis

Karlijn A. C. Meeks, Eva L. van der Linden, Amy R. Bentley, Ayo P. Doumatey, Peter Henneman, Nora Franceschini, Themistocles L. Assimes, Felix P. Chilunga, Charles F. Hayfron-Benjamin, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Guanjie Chen, Charles Agyemang, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Charles N. Rotimi

10.1007/s00125-026-06716-3
View Publication

Updated glucose management indicator (GMI) better aligns with HbA1c than current GMI: implications for clinical practice and reporting

Richard M. Bergenstal, Yongjin Xu, Timothy C. Dunn, Pratik Choudhary, Ramzi A. Ajjan

10.1007/s00125-026-06739-w
View Publication

Perspectives on human adipose tissue: from cellular mechanisms to clinical complications

Mikael Rydén

10.1007/s00125-026-06735-0
View Publication

Bmal1 overexpression in suprachiasmatic nucleus protects from retinal neurovascular deficits in a mouse model of diabetes

Neha Mahajan, Qianyi Luo, Jodi Lukkes, Surabhi D. Abhyankar, Ashay D. Bhatwadekar

10.1007/s00125-026-06734-1
View Publication

Exercise snacks performed in real-world settings reduce postprandial hyperglycaemia and glycaemic variability in individuals living with type 2 diabetes: a randomised crossover study

Fiona J. Babir, Alexis Marcotte-Chénard, Roderick E. Sandilands, Angelina D’Amico, Kaja Falkenhain, Noah Mulkewich, Hashim Islam, Douglas L. Richards, Kenneth Madden, Joel Singer, Michael Riddell, Martin J. Gibala, Jonathan P. Little

10.1007/s00125-026-06741-2
View Publication

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to publish?

All material is under embargo until it is published online.

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Is a cover letter required?

A cover letter is required for disclosure of any use of AI-assisted technologies. The covering letter should also notify the Editor of any potentially overlapping papers in preparation, submission or published.

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What are the publication costs?

Submission fee: none. Page charges: none. Open access available through Springer Open Choice, with no cost for authors at participating institutions.

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Research Topics

Pancreatic function and diabetes Diabetes and associated disorders Diabetes Management and Research Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer Diabetes Treatment and Management Adipose Tissue and Metabolism Diet and metabolism studies Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins Diet, Metabolism, and Disease Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Birth, Development, and Health Gestational Diabetes Research and Management Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients Regulation of Appetite and Obesity Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes Advanced Glycation End Products research Retinal Diseases and Treatments Genetic Associations and Epidemiology Muscle metabolism and nutrition Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control Diabetes Management and Education Immune Cell Function and Interaction

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