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Annals of Neurology

Annals of Neurology publishes original articles focused on diseases of the human nervous system. The journal seeks work of broad interest to the academic neurological community and encourages studies using experimental model systems, including cell and organ cultures and animals, that have direct translational relevance to understanding neurological disease.

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Subject Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences
Impact Factor 7.7
Quartile Q1
Open Access Type Hybrid
ISSN 0364-5134
eISSN 1531-8249
Invitation Only No
Cost Range $4,940 USD / £3,310 GBP / €4,080 EUR APC for Open Access articles.

Submission Instructions

Annals of Neurology accepts the following article types. Click on an article type to view submission instructions.

Research Articles

Cover Letter Cover letter is required. Cover letter must state the submission type, provide the corresponding author’s mailing address, telephone and fax numbers, and e-mail address, certify that all coauthors approved the manuscript and authorship requirements were met, disclose conflicts of interest, include recommended and opposed reviewers with names and email addresses, and certify that the submission is not under review elsewhere.
Abstract Abstract is required. Abstract must not exceed 250 words. Abstract must be structured. Abstract must use the headings Objective, Methods, Results, and Interpretation.
Manuscript Manuscript must not exceed 4,500 words overall, with the Introduction limited to 500 words and the Discussion limited to 1,500 words. Manuscript sections must appear in the following order: Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgements, Author Contributions, Conflicts of Interest, and References, followed by Figure Legends and then any Tables. Manuscript must include a page titled “Summary for Social Media If Published” between the title page and the Abstract and must disclose any use of artificial intelligence tools in the Methods or Acknowledgements section.
References References are limited to 50. References must be cited in numerical order as superscript numbers without brackets, arranged in order of citation, and list up to four authors or, if there are more than four, the first three followed by “et al”.
Figures & Tables A combined total of figures and tables is limited to eight. Figure Legends must follow the References section and any Tables must follow the Figure Legends.
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Review Articles

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must state the submission type and corresponding author contact information, certify all coauthors approved the manuscript and that it is not under review elsewhere aside from an abstract, disclose potential conflicts, and provide recommended and opposed reviewers with names and email addresses.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract must be limited to 100 words. Abstract must be unstructured and should not include subsections.
Manuscript Review Article should contain approximately 5,000–6,000 words. Manuscript must include sections for Acknowledgements, Author Contributions, Potential Conflicts of Interest, and Data Availability in that order. A page titled “Summary for Social Media If Published” must be placed between the title page and the abstract, and Review Article author contributions should be worded as: "AB and CD contributed to the conception and design of the manuscript; AB and EF contributed to the interpretation of studies included in the manuscript; AB and GH contributed to drafting the text and preparing the figures."
References Review Article should include 100–125 references. References must be cited as superscript numbers without brackets, arranged in order of citation, and list up to four authors or three authors followed by “et al” when there are more than four.
Figures & Tables Tables must not be embedded in the main manuscript file and each table must be provided in its own .doc file following the main .doc file. Figure legends must be provided on separate pages, one per figure and numbered sequentially, and tables must be numbered in order of appearance.
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Brief Communications

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must state the submission type and corresponding author contact details, certify all coauthors approved the manuscript and that the submission is not under review elsewhere except as an abstract, disclose conflicts and overlapping reports, and include recommended and opposed reviewers with names and email addresses.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract must be limited to 100 words. Abstract should be unstructured and should not include subsections.
Manuscript Manuscript must be limited to 1,500 words. Sections must appear in the order Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgements, Author Contributions, Conflicts of Interest, and References, followed by Figure Legends and then any Tables. A page titled “Summary for Social Media If Published” must be placed between the title page and the abstract, and the manuscript must include sections for Acknowledgements, Author Contributions, Potential Conflicts of Interest, and a data availability statement, with any use of artificial intelligence tools disclosed in the Methods or Acknowledgements section.
References References must not exceed 20. References must be arranged in order of citation, cited in the text as superscript numbers without brackets, and list up to four authors or three authors followed by “et al” if there are more than four.
Figures & Tables Brief Communications may include no more than three tables or illustrations in total. Figure legends must be provided on separate pages, and the References section must be followed by Figure Legends and then any Tables.
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Letters To The Editor

Cover Letter Cover letter is required. Cover letter must state the submission type, provide the corresponding author’s mailing address, telephone and fax numbers, and e-mail address, certify that all coauthors approved the manuscript and that it is not under review elsewhere except as an abstract, disclose potential conflicts, include overlapping-submission information, and list recommended and opposed reviewers with names and email addresses.
Abstract Abstract requirements are not specified.
Manuscript Letters to the Editor and Replies must be limited to 400 words. Letters to the Editor and Replies are only considered when addressing previously published articles and are not appropriate for reporting new research unless it directly relates to the results of a previously published article. Manuscript must include sections for Acknowledgements, Author Contributions, Potential Conflicts of Interest, and Data Availability in that order, and a page titled “Summary for Social Media If Published” must be placed between the title page and the abstract.
References Letters to the Editor and Replies may include no more than five references. References must be arranged in order of citation, cited in the text by superscript numbers without brackets, and list up to four authors or three authors followed by “et al” if there are more than four.
Figures & Tables Letters to the Editor and Replies may include one table or figure if essential. Figure legends must be provided on separate pages, figures must not be embedded in Word or PDF files, and each table must be provided in its own .doc file rather than embedded in the main manuscript file.
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Recent Publications

In Memoriam: J. Richard Baringer, MD (1935–2025)

John E. Greenlee, John W. Rose, Kathleen B. Digre, Mark B. Bromberg

10.1002/ana.78295
View Publication

Comparative Seizure Outcomes of Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Deep Brain Stimulation, and Their Combination in Lennox–Gastaut Syndrome

Cheng‐Yen Kuo, Raunak Singh, Shelja Sharma, Ryan D. Nguyen, Lily Wong‐Kisiel, Keith Starnes, Nicholas M. Gregg, Jamie Van Gompel, Kai J. Miller, Gregory A. Worrell, Brian N. Lundstrom

10.1002/ana.78308
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Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in a Neonate

Ye Han, Ping Zheng, Xinna Ji, Qian Chen

10.1002/ana.78307
View Publication

Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome as Drivers of Neurodegeneration: Convergent Mechanisms Linking Peripheral Neuropathy and Dementia

Masha G. Savelieff, David L. Bennett, Troels S. Jensen, Eva L. Feldman

10.1002/ana.78289
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Sex Differences in the Association of Simultaneous Decline in Blood Pressure and Decline in Cognition during Aging

Nicholas W. Baumgartner, Ana W. Capuano, Lisa L. Barnes, David A. Bennett, Zoe Arvanitakis

10.1002/ana.78280
View Publication

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to publish?

Submission to first decision (median): 5 days; submission to acceptance (median): 108 days; acceptance to publication (median): 26 days.

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Is a cover letter required?

A cover letter is required. It must include the submission type; corresponding author contact details; confirmation that all coauthors reviewed and approved the manuscript and authorship requirements were met; confirmation that the submission is not under review elsewhere except as disclosed; disclosure of overlapping submissions or reports; and a statement of financial or other relationships that could create a perceived conflict of interest. Authors should also include recommended and opposed reviewers with names and email addresses.

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What are the publication costs?

Open access articles are published with an article publication charge (APC).

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Research Topics

Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments Neurological disorders and treatments Epilepsy research and treatment Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies Neurological diseases and metabolism Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases Alzheimer's disease research and treatments Mitochondrial Function and Pathology Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders Neurology and Historical Studies Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research Metabolism and Genetic Disorders Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research Hereditary Neurological Disorders Acute Ischemic Stroke Management Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders Neurological and metabolic disorders Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research RNA regulation and disease Neonatal and fetal brain pathology

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