Vi

Viruses

Viruses is a peer-reviewed, open access journal of virology published monthly online by MDPI. It is affiliated with the Spanish Society for Virology, Canadian Society for Virology, Italian Society for Virology, Australasian Virology Society, Brazilian Society for Virology, and Global Virus Network, and its members receive a discount on article processing charges.

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Subject Virology
Impact Factor 3.5
Quartile Q2
Open Access Type Open
eISSN 1999-4915
Invitation Only No
Cost Range CHF 2600 article processing charge for accepted papers, plus local VAT or Sales Tax if applicable.

Submission Instructions

Viruses accepts the following article types. Click on an article type to view submission instructions.

Article

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. The cover letter must explain the paper’s significance and fit to the journal scope and include statements that the manuscript is not under consideration elsewhere and that all authors approved the submission.
Abstract An abstract is required. The abstract should be about 200 words maximum. The abstract must be a single paragraph written in a structured style without headings. The abstract should cover Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusion without explicit headings.
Manuscript The manuscript must include front matter with Title, Author list, Affiliations, Abstract, and Keywords; main sections of Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, and optional Conclusions; and back matter including Supplementary Materials, Author Contributions, Funding, Data Availability Statement, Acknowledgments, Conflicts of Interest, and References. Keywords are required after the abstract, and for research articles with several authors a short Author Contributions paragraph must be provided, with Materials and Methods also disclosing GenAI use where applicable.
References References must be numbered in order of appearance, cited in square brackets before punctuation, and listed individually at the end with full titles and complete bibliographic details.
Figures & Tables All figures, schemes, and tables must be inserted into the main text close to their first citation. All figures, schemes, and tables must be numbered in order and accompanied by a short explanatory title and caption.
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Review

Cover Letter A cover letter is required with the submission. The cover letter must explain the manuscript’s significance and fit to the journal, acknowledge any prior MDPI submissions, and include statements that the work is not under consideration elsewhere and that all authors approved the submission.
Abstract An abstract is required. The abstract should be about 200 words maximum. The abstract must be a single paragraph written in a structured style without headings. The abstract should cover Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusion without using headings.
Manuscript Review manuscripts may use a flexible but logical structure and can include Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, relevant sections with optional subsections, Discussion, Conclusions, and Future Directions, with back matter containing Author Contributions, Acknowledgments, Conflicts of Interest, and References. The manuscript should include three to ten keywords after the abstract, and where applicable the methods section or acknowledgments must disclose how GenAI tools were used.
References References must be numbered in order of appearance in a Vancouver-style system, although any consistent style is acceptable at initial submission. References must be listed individually at the end, cited in square brackets before punctuation, include full titles and required bibliographic details, and use ISO 4 journal abbreviations where appropriate.
Figures & Tables All figures, schemes, and tables must be inserted into the main text close to their first citation. All figures, schemes, and tables must be numbered in order and accompanied by a short explanatory title or caption.
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Scoping Review

Cover Letter A cover letter is required. Cover letter must explain the paper's significance and fit to the journal's scope and include statements that the manuscript is not under consideration or published elsewhere and that all authors approved the manuscript and agree to its submission to Viruses.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract should be about 200 words maximum. Abstract must be a single paragraph written in a structured style without headings.
Manuscript Scoping Review manuscripts are submitted as a Review and should follow a Review-like but flexible logical structure, with the Methods section including a statement about following PRISMA guidelines and registration information if available. Manuscript must include three to ten keywords after the abstract and the Methods section must state PRISMA adherence and include registration information if available.
References References are numbered in order of appearance in the text. Reference list entries must be listed individually at the end of the manuscript and include author names, source title, article or chapter title where required, year, volume and issue where appropriate, pagination, and the full title.
Figures & Tables All figures, schemes, and tables must be inserted into the main text close to their first citation, and the PRISMA flow diagram should be included in the main text. All figures, schemes, and tables must be numbered in order of appearance and accompanied by a short explanatory title and caption.
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Systematic Review

Cover Letter A cover letter is required with the submission. The cover letter must explain the paper’s significance and fit to the journal scope and include statements that the manuscript is not under consideration elsewhere and that all authors approved the submission.
Abstract An abstract is required. The abstract should be about 200 words maximum. The abstract must be a single paragraph written in a structured style without headings.
Manuscript Systematic Review manuscripts should use the same structure as research articles and must clearly detail the Methods section. The manuscript must include three to ten keywords after the abstract, and the Methods section must state compliance with relevant reporting guidelines and provide registration information if available.
References References must be numbered in order of appearance, cited in square brackets before punctuation, and listed individually at the end with full titles and standard bibliographic details.
Figures & Tables All figures, schemes, and tables must be inserted into the main text close to their first citation. All figures, schemes, and tables must be numbered in order and include a short explanatory title and caption.
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Registered Report

Cover Letter A cover letter is required with each submission. The cover letter must explain the significance of the paper, justify its fit to the journal scope, acknowledge any prior submissions to MDPI journals, and include statements that the manuscript is not under consideration or published elsewhere and that all authors approved the submission to Viruses.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract should be about 200 words maximum. Abstract must be a single paragraph written in a structured style without headings.
Manuscript Manuscript may use a more flexible structure but should still follow a logical pattern. The manuscript must include three to ten keywords after the abstract and, where applicable, disclose details of GenAI use in the Materials and Methods section.
References References must be numbered in order of appearance, cited in square brackets before punctuation, and listed individually at the end of the manuscript with full titles.
Figures & Tables All figures, schemes, and tables must be inserted into the main text close to their first citation. All figures, schemes, and tables must be numbered in order of appearance and include a short explanatory title and caption.
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Brief Report

Cover Letter A cover letter is required with the submission. The cover letter must explain the paper’s significance, justify its fit to the journal’s scope, acknowledge any prior submissions to MDPI journals, and include statements that the work is not under consideration or published elsewhere and that all authors approved the submission to Viruses.
Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract should be about 200 words maximum. Abstract must be a single unheaded paragraph written in a structured style. Abstract should cover Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusion without headings.
Manuscript Brief Report should follow a structure similar to an Article, may use a more flexible structure, and should still follow a logical pattern with a detailed Materials and Methods section. Manuscript must include keywords, and where applicable the Materials and Methods section must disclose how generative AI was used in the paper.
References References must be numbered in order of appearance, cited in square brackets before punctuation, and listed individually at the end with full titles and required bibliographic details.
Figures & Tables Brief Report usually contains two figures and/or one table. All figures and tables must be inserted into the main text close to their first citation. All figures and tables must be numbered in order and accompanied by a short explanatory title and caption.
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Case Report

Cover Letter A cover letter is required with each submission. The cover letter must explain the paper's significance and fit to the journal and include statements that the manuscript is not under consideration or published elsewhere and that all authors approved the submission.
Abstract An abstract is required for Case Report manuscripts. The abstract should be about 200 words maximum. The abstract must be a single paragraph written in a structured style without headings.
Manuscript Case Report manuscripts should include Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Detailed Case Description, Discussion, and Conclusions, with a flexible logical structure. Three to ten keywords must be provided after the abstract.
References References are numbered in order of appearance and cited in square brackets. References may be in any consistent style at initial submission, but the list must be ordered by appearance and include full bibliographic details including the full title.
Figures & Tables All figures, schemes, and tables must be inserted into the main text close to their first citation. All figures, schemes, and tables must be numbered in order and include a short explanatory title and caption.
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Communication

Cover Letter A cover letter is required with each submission. The cover letter must explain the paper's significance and fit to the journal's scope and include statements confirming exclusive submission and approval by all authors.
Abstract An abstract is required. The abstract should be about 200 words maximum. The abstract must be a single paragraph written in a structured style without headings. The abstract should cover Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusion without using headings.
Manuscript Communication manuscripts should follow a structure similar to that of an Article, and all manuscripts must contain Author Information, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials & Methods, Results, Conclusions, Figures and Tables with Captions, Funding Information, Author Contributions, Conflict of Interest, and other Ethics Statements. The manuscript must include three to ten keywords after the abstract and, where applicable, disclose any use of GenAI in the Materials and Methods section.
References References must be numbered in order of appearance, cited in square brackets before punctuation, and listed individually at the end with full titles and required bibliographic details.
Figures & Tables All figures, schemes, and tables must be inserted into the main text close to their first citation. All figures, schemes, and tables must be numbered in order and accompanied by a short explanatory title and caption.
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Recent Publications

Hantavirus Seroprevalence in the Population of Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, Russia

Tatiana Arbuzova, Dmitry Naydenov, Regina Baimova, Alena Khalilova, Denis Sarksyan, Konstantin Manakhov, Tamara Ginevskaia, Margarita Popova, Ekaterina Klyuchnikova, Svetlana Egorova, Vladimir Dedkov, Areg Totolian

10.3390/v18060652
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Co-Circulation of Divergent Strains Supports Vector-Mediated Transmission of Rodent Hepacivirus J (Orthohepacivirus glareoli)

Sarah Marmorosch, Thomas Anton von Graffenried, Rainer G. Ulrich, Gerald Heckel

10.3390/v18060651
View Publication

Risk and Spatial Spread of a Measles Outbreak in Texas

Martial Loth Ndeffo-Mbah, Sina Mokhtar, Abhishek Pandey, Chad Richard Wells

10.3390/v18060648
View Publication

Comparative Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding Sites in the Long Control Region Across Human Papillomavirus Types

Derrin Bright, Juan I. Fuxman Bass

10.3390/v18060646
View Publication

HMPV Impairs Macrophage Phagocytosis Through a Replication-Dependent Mechanism Associated with Reduced CD36 Expression and the Viral G Protein

Iván Martínez-Espinoza, Pius I. Babawale, Basel Abuaita, Antonieta Guerrero-Plata

10.3390/v18060649
View Publication

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to publish?

Publication Time metrics are provided for submission to first decision and acceptance to publication.

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Is a cover letter required?

A cover letter is required with each submission. It must explain the significance of the paper, place the findings in context, explain fit with the journal scope, acknowledge any prior submissions to MDPI journals, and include statements that the manuscript is not under consideration elsewhere and that all authors approved the submission.

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What are the publication costs?

Article processing charge: CHF 2600 for papers accepted after peer review, plus local VAT or Sales Tax if applicable.

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Research Topics

Viral Infections and Vectors Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology Animal Virus Infections Studies SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research Mosquito-borne diseases and control Plant Virus Research Studies Virus-based gene therapy research Bacteriophages and microbial interactions Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology HIV Research and Treatment Viral Infections and Immunology Research Respiratory viral infections research Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies Influenza Virus Research Studies Vector-Borne Animal Diseases Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research Virology and Viral Diseases Hepatitis B Virus Studies Hepatitis C virus research interferon and immune responses HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment Plant and Fungal Interactions Research SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

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