Overview Submission Instructions Recent Publications Frequently Asked Questions Research Topics

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Brain

Brain is a neurology and neuroscience journal published by Oxford University Press for the Guarantors of Brain. It publishes preclinical and clinical research related to the nervous system and brain health. The journal lists 2024 Impact Factor 11.7 and 2024 CiteScore 20.4. Online ISSN 1460-2156 and print ISSN 0006-8950.

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Subject Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences

Impact Factor 11.7

Quartile Q1

Open Access Type Hybrid

ISSN 0006-8950

eISSN 1460-2156

Invitation Only No

Cost Range Standard open access charge: £4,562. Scientific Commentary, Letter to the Editor, Editorial, and Opinion: £2,249.

Submission Instructions

Brain accepts the following article types. Click on an article type to view submission instructions.

Original Articles

Cover Letter A cover letter must accompany the submission. Cover letter must include assurance that all authors have fulfilled the authorship criteria and an abbreviated non-specialist summary of no more than 323 characters including spaces.

Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract must summarize the paper in full in a structured format with each section starting on a new line without subtitles. Abstract must include background, methods, results, and conclusion.

Manuscript Original Articles must not exceed 6000 words, excluding the abstract, title page, tables, figure legends and references. Main text should include Introduction, Materials and methods, Results, Discussion, Data availability, Acknowledgements, Funding, Competing interests, Supplementary material, and References in that order. Manuscript may include up to six keywords below the abstract and must document any use of Large Language Model tools in the Methods, Acknowledgments, or another appropriate section of the paper.

References References must use AMA Reference Style, 11th edition, with numerical in-text citations. Citations must be superscripted and numbered sequentially, references must be listed in numerical order, and reference-list author names must list up to six authors or the first three followed by 'et al.' if there are more than six.

Figures & Tables Original Articles may include up to 8 display items. The manuscript must be submitted as a single word processing file including tables and figure legends. Tables must be supplied in Word format, and alt text for each image, figure, illustration, or photograph must appear in the main manuscript file directly under the relevant figure legend preceded by 'Alt text:'.

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Review Articles

Cover Letter A cover letter must accompany the submission. The cover letter must include assurance that all authors have fulfilled the authorship criteria and an abbreviated summary of no more than 323 characters including spaces that is accessible to the non-specialist.

Abstract Review Articles must include an abstract. The abstract must not exceed 400 words. The abstract must be unstructured, with each section starting on a new line without subtitles. The abstract must summarize the paper in full, including background, methods, results and conclusion.

Manuscript Review Articles must not exceed 9000 words excluding the abstract, title page, tables, figure legends and references. Review Articles may contain subheadings of the author's choice. Authors may list up to six keywords below the abstract, and use of Large Language Model tools must be documented in the Methods, Acknowledgments, or another appropriate section of the paper.

References References must use AMA Reference Style, 11th edition, with numerical in-text citations. References must be cited sequentially as superscript numbers, listed in numerical order at the end of the paper, and include up to six author names or the first three followed by 'et al.' when there are more than six authors.

Figures & Tables Review Articles may include up to 8 display items. The manuscript must be submitted as a single word processing file including figure legends, while tables must be supplied in Word format to enable editing. Each table and box must include a brief descriptive title, boxes must be supplied in Word format, and each box is limited to 500 words.

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Reports

Abstract An abstract is required. The abstract must not exceed 200 words. The abstract must be unstructured, with each section starting on a new line without subtitles. The abstract must summarize the paper in full, including background, methods, results and conclusion.

Manuscript The manuscript must not exceed 2500 words excluding the abstract, title page, tables, figure legends and references. Main text sections must appear in the order Introduction, Materials and methods, Results, Discussion, Data availability, Acknowledgements, Funding, Competing interests, Supplementary material, References. Up to six keywords may be listed below the abstract, and any use of Large Language Model tools must be documented in the Methods, Acknowledgments, or another appropriate section of the paper.

References The manuscript must include no more than 30 references. References must use AMA Reference Style, 11th edition, with numerical in-text citations. Citations must be numbered sequentially in superscript and the reference list must be presented in numerical order, listing up to six authors or the first three followed by 'et al.' if there are more than six authors.

Figures & Tables The manuscript may include up to 4 display items. The manuscript must be submitted as a single word processing file including tables and figure legends. Tables must be supplied in Word format, each table should include a brief descriptive title, and figures must have a short title with abbreviations and symbols defined in the legend unless already defined in the main text.

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Updates

Cover Letter A cover letter must accompany the submission. The cover letter must include assurance that all authors have fulfilled the authorship criteria and an abbreviated non-specialist summary of no more than 323 characters including spaces.

Abstract An abstract is required. Abstract must not exceed 200 words. The abstract must be unstructured, with each section starting on a new line without subtitles. The abstract must summarize the paper in full, including background, methods, results and conclusion.

Manuscript Manuscript must not exceed 3000 words excluding the abstract, title page, tables, figure legends and references. Updates may contain subheadings of the author's choice. Up to six keywords may be listed below the abstract, and use of Large Language Model tools must be documented in the Methods, Acknowledgments, or another appropriate section of the paper.

References References must use AMA Reference Style, 11th edition, with numerical in-text citations. References must be cited sequentially as superscript numbers, listed in numerical order, and author names must list up to six authors or the first three followed by 'et al.' if there are more than six.

Figures & Tables Updates may include up to 4 display items. The manuscript must be submitted as a single word processing file including figure legends, while tables must be supplied in Word format to enable editing. Each table and box must include a brief descriptive title, and boxes are encouraged with a 500-word limit.

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Letters To The Editor

Abstract Abstract must not be included.

Manuscript Main text must not exceed 1500 words, excluding the title page, tables, figure legends, and references. Letters to the Editor will be considered only when relating to recent articles published in Brain. No more than six keywords may be listed directly below the abstract, and any use of Large Language Model tools must be documented in the Methods, Acknowledgments, or another appropriate section of the paper.

References References must not exceed 10. References must use AMA Reference Style, 11th edition, with numerical in-text citations. Citations must be numbered sequentially in superscript and the reference list must appear in numerical order with up to six author names listed, or the first three followed by 'et al.' if there are more than six authors.

Figures & Tables No more than 2 display items may be included. The manuscript must be submitted as a single word processing file including figure legends. Tables must be supplied in Word format, and each figure must have a short title with abbreviations and symbols defined in the figure legend unless already defined in the main text.

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Recent Publications

The genetic landscape of myotonic dystrophy type 1: insights from nearly one million genomes

Rezbieara P Rahman, Marta Futema, Elijah R Behr, Emma Matthews

10.1093/brain/awag350

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Mapping brain imaging heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis

Tomas Uher, Guy Nagels

10.1093/brain/awag349

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White matter hyperintensity burden in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: motor and survival correlates

Alberto De Lorenzo, Alessio Maranzano, Alessandro Cocuzza, Francesco Gentile, Massimiliano Passaretti, Eleonora Colombo, Silvia Torre, Edoardo Nicolò Aiello, Narghes Calcagno, Claudia Gendarini, Marco Olivero, Francesco Scheveger, Valerio Patisso, Jacopo Spagliardi, Alessandro Di Maio, Simone Pierro, Mauro Treddenti, Delia Gagliardi, Giacomo Pietro Comi, Stefania Corti, Joana B Pereira, Pasquale Agosti, Flora Peyvandi, Stefano Messina, Alberto Doretti, Barbara Poletti, Claudia Morelli, Vincenzo Silani, Claudia Mara Cinnante, Federico Verde, Nicola Ticozzi

10.1093/brain/awag347

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Mitochondrial DNA damage elicits PINK1 upregulation in pontine cholinergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease

Huiwen Lu, Angela Pyle, Jannetta S Steyn, Conor Lawless, Rafiqul Hussain, Maria Falkenberg, Joanna L Elson, Ilse S Pienaar

10.1093/brain/awag348

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Nerve growth factor metabolic dysfunction in Down’s syndrome brains

M Florencia Iulita, Sonia Do Carmo, Alison K Ower, Ashley M Fortress, Lisi Flores Aguilar, Michael Hanna, Thomas Wisniewski, Anne-Charlotte Granholm, Mona Buhusi, Jorge Busciglio, A Claudio Cuello

10.1093/brain/awag238

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Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to publish?

Accepted manuscripts are published online on Advance Access after acceptance. Proofs must be returned within 3 working days of receipt.

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Is a cover letter required?

A cover letter must accompany a new submission and should contain an abbreviated summary of no more than 323 characters including spaces, written for non-specialists.

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What are the publication costs?

Brain offers either a standard licence or an open access licence. Open access charges are £4,562 standard, and £2,249 for Scientific Commentary, Letter to the Editor, Editorial, and Opinion.

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Research Topics

Neurology and Historical Studies Neurological disorders and treatments Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases Epilepsy research and treatment Functional Brain Connectivity Studies Alzheimer's disease research and treatments Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research Mitochondrial Function and Pathology Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism Spatial Neglect and Hemispheric Dysfunction Neural dynamics and brain function Neurological diseases and metabolism Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies Hereditary Neurological Disorders Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders

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